Power triangle transformation, Demonstrating the effect of power factor correction

 Here is a visual breakdown of the power triangle transformation, demonstrating the effect of power factor correction.

1. The Power Triangle Before Correction

Before any correction is applied, the system has a low power factor of 0.75. This means that a significant amount of reactive power is being drawn, resulting in a large amount of apparent power.



Image 1: Before Correction (PF 0.75). The diagram shows a large power triangle. The horizontal side is the Active Power (100 kW), the vertical side is the Reactive Power (88 kVAR), and the hypotenuse is the Apparent Power (133 kVA). The large angle indicates a low power factor.

2. The Power Triangle After Correction

By adding power factor correction (e.g., capacitors), the reactive power drawn from the utility is significantly reduced. This improves the power factor to 0.98 and reduces the total apparent power, while the active power (the useful power) remains the same.



Image 2: After Correction (PF 0.98). The power triangle is much smaller. The Active Power is still 100 kW, but the Reactive Power has been reduced to 20 kVAR, leading to a significantly smaller Apparent Power of 102 kVA. The angle is much smaller, showing the improved power factor.

3. Visualizing the Transformation

The most effective way to see the impact of power factor correction is to compare the two triangles directly. This visually demonstrates how the apparent power "shrinks."



Image 3: The Power Triangle Shrinking. This composite image shows the large "Before" triangle and the smaller "After" triangle side-by-side. You can clearly see the significant reduction in both reactive power and apparent power, while the active power remains constant. This visualizes the massive reduction in apparent power drawn from the utility.

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